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Survey provides insight into unemploymen
A detailed, countrywide survey by three academics shows that about 45 000 South Africans – mainly African men – wait at nearly 1 000 roadside points every day, in the hope of being employed that day. The researchers found that work seekers in South Africa’s major urban centres were more likely to be employed for the day than their rural counterparts, were in for a better day’s wages and had a better chance of being employed again. The findings of the extensive research, conducted by Alet Harmse, Derick Blaauw and Rinie Schenck, are published by the Cape Town-based Economic Research Southern Africa (ERSA), under the title Day labourers, unemployment and socio-economic development in South Africa. Mapping the number of roadside work seekers against South Africa’s geographic spread of economic activity and unemployment, Harmse, Blaauw and Schenck found that those areas with large numbers of day labourers had relatively low unemployment rates. These are usually regions where urbanisation rates and levels of economic development are relatively high. Not surprisingly, few of the unemployed make themselves available by the roadside in poor, rural areas where unemployment is at its highest. By contrast, the core economic regions, which include cities such as Cape Town, Durban, Pretoria and Johannesburg, tend to have numerous day-labour sites, each with high numbers of work seekers. The researchers found notable differen?ces between the working conditions and morale of urban and rural day labourers. Day labourers in urban centres can earn between R90 and R120 a day. And, some sites tend to generate work opportunities that pay better than other sites in the same city. In small towns the rate could be as low as R30 to R40 per day. Workers in Gauteng and the Western Cape were far more positive in their outlook than their counterparts in, for example, East London. The authors concluded that the presence of day labourers and the number of labourers at specific sites were not an indication of high unemployment levels in such areas when compared with the national average. In fact, the number of day labourers in a region was an indication of potential job opportunities and the level of economic development. However, as most of the work seekers in the cities hailed from rural areas, these men were removed from their families and vital social support mechanisms.
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