Even a tiny bit of flab is risky
2008-12-22 22:36
Washington - Even a little bit of extra weight can raise the risk of heart failure, according to a US study published on Monday that calculated the heart hazards of being pudgy but not obese.
It comes as little surprise that obesity makes a person
much more apt to get heart failure, a deadly condition in which
the heart is unable to pump enough blood throughout the body.
But researchers who tracked the health of 21 094 US male doctors for two decades found that even those who were only
modestly overweight had a higher risk - and it grew along with
the amount of extra weight.
In men who are 1.8m tall, for every 3.2kg of excess body weight, their risk of heart failure rose on average by 11% over the next 20 years, the researchers wrote in the journal Circulation.
The average age of the men at the outset of the so-called
Physicians' Health Study was 53. During the study, 1 109 of them developed heart failure.
Overall, the risk of heart failure increased by 180%
in men who met the definition of obesity according to their
body mass index (BMI of 30 and higher), and by 49% in
men who met the definition of overweight (a BMI of 25 to 30).
Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure,
contributes to 300 000 deaths each year in the United States.
Conditions such as coronary artery disease and high blood
pressure can leave the heart too weak or stiff to fill and pump
blood efficiently.
Exercise
Dr Satish Kenchaiah of Brigham and Women's Hospital in
Boston and colleagues also looked at how physical activity
affected heart failure risk.
"The lean and active group had the lowest risk and the
obese and inactive group had the highest risk," Kenchaiah said
in a telephone interview.
"As far as vigorous physical activity is concerned, even if
somebody said they exercised one to three times per month -
which is a very low level of exercise - they had an 18%
reduction in the risk of heart failure after accounting for all
other established risk factors," Kenchaiah added.
The benefit of exercise in cutting heart failure risk was
seen in lean, overweight and obese men, the researchers found.
But regardless of the level of activity, higher body mass index also meant higher heart failure risk.