Nasa craft soars past Mercury
2008-10-07 11:49
Washington - A US space probe successfully flew by Mercury on Monday to photograph the solar system's smallest planet, in the second of three planned passes, the US space agency Nasa said.
The spacecraft Messenger (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging) flew past the innermost planet at an altitude of 201km at a speed of 23 818km/h.
"Everything went well as planned," said spokesperson Helen Johnson of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory which is running the Messenger project.
The first pictures from Messenger's bypass were expected to be available at 1400 GMT, with 1 200 images of the cratered surface to be seen.
Messenger first flew past Mercury on January 14 this year, and will make its final pass in September 2009.
Monday's trip aims to investigate the opposite side of the planet than the one seen on the first visit, said Louise Prockter, instrument scientist for the spacecraft's Mercury Dual Imaging System at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, in Laurel, Maryland.
Sun's enormous gravitational pull
Mercury is the closest of all the planets to the Sun, and because of the high-risks of its proximity - the Sun's enormous gravitational pull, and massively high levels of radiation - it is one of the most mysterious bodies in the solar system, even though it is relatively close to Earth.
Scientists and observers hope the probe will yield more answers to the physical processes that govern Mercury's atmosphere, along with more information about the charged particles located around the planet's dynamic magnetic field.
The January visit showed scientists that volcanic eruptions produced many of Mercury's expansive plains, littered with meteor craters, and that its magnetic field appears to be actively generated in a molten iron core.
Before Messenger, the only other craft to visit Mercury was Mariner 10, which passed the planet three times in 1974 and 1975.