Cameron is proposing the move as part of measures to stop extreme sexual images he says are "corroding childhood".
He said on Monday "family-friendly" filters would become the default setting for new customers by the end of the year, and only account-holders would be able to change them.
He also announced a proposal to make it a crime to possess violent pornography containing simulated rape scenes, and said Google and other search engines would be asked to block searches based on certain phrases.
Anti-pornography activists welcomed the announcement, but Padraig Reidy of free-speech group Index on Censorship said it amounted to "a kind of default censorship".