Residents wanted better service delivery and houses, said police spokesperson Donia Mothutsane.
The protest, which began early on Tuesday morning, involved residents burning tyres and throwing stones at passing motorists.
"Two cases of malicious damage to property were opened," Mothutsane said.
No injuries were reported and no arrests were made.
Johannesburg metro police spokesperson Wayne Minnaar said residents blocked off Corlett and Main Reef roads in Roodepoort.
"It is not safe for motorists to use the area," Minnaar said.
He advised motorists to use Ontdekkers Road instead. Police were on the scene.